Q: What other options do Obamacare opponents have?
A: They might use this as an opportunity to make good on previous promises to develop an “Oklahoma Plan” addressing the needs of people covered by the original provisions of the Affordable Care Act.

Q: Will they create an Oklahoma-operated health care marketplace?
A: It’s always possible. But so far they’ve rejected that idea. They can continue to let the federal government operate the marketplace in Oklahoma.

Q: What’s the political impact of today’s ruling?
A: The initial assessment of political analysts seems to be that the ruling was a relief to Republican opponents of Obamacare in political terms, even if they dislike the legal impact. Because the subsidies weren’t overturned, those officials are under no additional pressure to do anything about the 6 million Americans who might have lost their health insurance.

Q: Would that be true in Oklahoma, too?

A: The ruling might make it easier for Gov. Fallin and Republican lawmakers to expand state assistance for currently uninsured Oklahomans under the “Oklahoma Plan” and Insure Oklahoma banner. But doing so would cost more money, and state funds are tight. It might provide political cover for them to apply for federal grants to move in that direction.  But opposition to Obamacare runs deep in Oklahoma, and they might choose to stand pat.

Q: What about the presidential campaign?
A: In a conference call briefing with health reporters today, experts with the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation in Washington, D.C., predicted the ruling would lower the political temperature of Obamacare in the presidential race. They expected it would still be debated, but that the candidates would mainly tailor their remarks to appeal to their core constituents.

Q: Will the ruling encourage more states to set up their own health marketplaces?
A: Not necessarily. In fact, it could have the opposite effect. The Kaiser experts said some states have concluded that the information technology challenges associated with setting up a state marketplace are too daunting. The ruling might cause some undecided states to continue relying on the federal government to run things. One state, Pennsylvania, has decided to do so already.

Q: I’m confused about today’s ruling. Is this the same thing as Medicaid expansion?
A: No. The Affordable Care Act had many provisions. Oklahoma officials have made important decisions about more than one. In one case, Gov. Fallin decided that Oklahoma would not participate in a proposed expansion of its Medicaid program, called SoonerCare. In another, Fallin decided that Oklahoma would not create its own health care marketplace. Today’s decision only involves the marketplace issue.

Q: Are the same people affected by Medicaid expansion and the health care marketplace?
A: No. Oklahoma’s Medicaid program, SoonerCare, only covers some working adults who fall below the federal poverty line, and pregnant women and children up to the poverty line and somewhat above. The health care marketplace only affects people above the poverty line.

Q: I keep hearing about the “coverage crater.” What’s that?
A: An estimated 150,000 adult Oklahomans earn too much to qualify for SoonerCare but not enough to qualify for health marketplace subsidies, according to the Oklahoma Policy Institute. Those people fall into the so-called coverage crater.

Q: What about Insure Oklahoma? Is it important?
A: Insure Oklahoma is an existing program that provides state-subsidized health coverage to nearly 18,000 working Oklahomans who meet its eligibility requirements. Many of the people affected by Medicaid expansion and the health marketplace don’t qualify for Insure Oklahoma. Some political analysts have speculated that Oklahoma might have tried to expand Insure Oklahoma if the marketplace subsidies had been struck down. They might do so anyway.

Q: What about the Obamacare premium increases I keep hearing about?
A: The private insurance companies that participate in the health care marketplace in Oklahoma all requested and received approval for premium increases for 2015. The amount of the increases varied widely. They are expected to seek another round of premium increases for 2016 coverage.

Q: How can I find out more about the health care marketplace?
A: The federal marketplace website is www.healthcare.gov. The Spanish-language site is www.cuidadodesalud.gov. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation has a subsidy estimator at http://kff.org/interactive/subsidy-calculator. Enrollment for 2016 will begin on Nov. 1.

Q: What if I don’t have Internet access or need help with my application?
A: The federal government’s toll-free help line is 1-800-318-2596. In addition, you can meet with a federally certified application counselor or a certified insurance agent or broker. For assistance in finding one, see https://localhelp.healthcare.gov.

Q: Can the government force me to buy health insurance?
A: No. But if you don’t have health insurance and don’t buy any, you may be subject to a fine. For 2015 coverage, the minimum fine was $325 per person. Some uninsured people, including Native Americans and people below the poverty line, are exempt from the fines.

Q: Are undocumented immigrants in Oklahoma receiving subsidized health coverage?
A: Only if they go to hospital emergency rooms and risk the possibility of detection and deportation. The Affordable Care Act only applies to citizens and lawfully present immigrants.

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